postal service act of 1792

An Act of Congress of June 25, 1910, established the Postal Savings System in designated Post Offices, effective January 1, 1911. Franklin’s son-in-law, Richard Bache, took over the position on November 7, 1776, when Franklin became an American emissary to France. In a memorable sequence from Philip Roth’s novel The Plot Against America, the young protagonist dreams that his National Parks stamps, the pride and joy of his collection, have become disfigured with swastika overprints. The famous Presidential Issue, known as “Prexies” for short, came out in 1938. The Post Office got in on the act, issuing a series of 16 stamps depicting Columbus and episodes in his career, ranging in value from 1 cent to 5 dollars (a princely sum in those days). The stamps were interesting and attractive, designed to appeal to not only postage stamps collectors but to historians, artists and of course the general public who bought them in record numbers because of the fanfare of the Columbian Exposition of the World’s Fair of 1892 in Chicago, Illinois. They were quite successful (a great contrast to the pictorials of 1869), with lines spilling out of the nation’s post offices to buy the stamps. The Revolution made Philadelphia, the seat of the Continental Congress, the information hub of the new nation. The American Bank Note Company acquired Continental in 1879 and took over the contract, printing similar designs on softer papers and with some color changes. As a result, it was also necessary to replace the blue and green on higher values with other colors. United States Postal Service. All it takes to repeal an Act of Congress is another Act of Congress- not a constitutional amendment. This series of postage stamps were the first definitive issues to be entirely designed and printed by the Bureau of Engraving and Printing, and their Baroque revival style is much akin to that of the Pan-American commemoratives the Bureau had issued in 1901. .shall also be deemed mailable matter, and charged with postage at the rate of one cent an ounce.” Private companies soon began issuing post cards, printed with a rectangle in the top right corner where the stamp was to be affixed. Definitions.— As used in this Act: a) “Corporation” shall refer to the Philippine Postal Corporation as provided for in this Act. Local postmasterships were rewards for local politicians—often the editors of party newspapers. The tax was repealed a year later. In 1929, theft problems in the Midwest led to the Kansas-Nebraska overprints on the regular stamps. This was a piece of federal legislation that established the United States Post Office Department (1792-1971), the predecessor of the United States Postal Service. Although it was not officially described as such, and the 15-cent value was chosen to cover newly established fee for registered letters, many philatelists consider this to be the first memorial stamp ever issued. During colonial days in America, private couriers or friendly travelers carried mail from person to person, from place to place. Franklin had already made a significant contribution to the postal service in the colonies while serving as the postmaster of Philadelphia from 1737 and as joint postmaster general of the colonies from 1753 to 1774. Thomas said the Postal Service Act was shaped in part by the desire to avoid censorship employed by the Crown to try to suppress their political opponents in colonial times. Around 1935, Postmaster Farley removed sheets of the National Parks set from stock before they had been gummed or perforated, giving these and unfinished examples of ten other issues to President Roosevelt and Interior Secretary Harold Ickes (also a philatelist) as curiosities for their collections. DeJoy’s actions, aided and abetted by Mnuchin, have crippled the U.S. For the postage issues of the 1894 series, the Bureau took over the plates of the 1890 small banknote series but modified them by adding triangles to the upper corners of the designs. Thus, the issue also commemorates the centennial of “America’s Stamp Club”. In 1860, the U.S. Post Office incorporated the services of the Pony Express to get mail to and from San Francisco, an important undertaking with the outbreak of the Civil War the following year as a communication link between Union forces and San Francisco and the West Coast was badly needed. It soon became obvious that none of these stamps was needed: parcel postage could easily be paid by definitive or commemorative issues, and normal postage due stamps were sufficient for parcels. The legislation aimed to get money out of hiding, attract the savings of immigrants accustomed to the postal savings system in their native countries, provide safe depositories for people who had lost confidence in banks, and furnish more convenient depositories for working people. The design remained unchanged until 1894, and only four different postage due designs have appeared to date. Study of the stamps shows that there were eleven types of grill in use, distinguished by size and shape (philatelists have labeled them with letters A-J and Z), and that the practice started some time in 1867 and was gradually abandoned after 1871. But it was the Postal Act of 1792 that established the foundation of a modern Postal Service. At the same time Easton was appointed by Thomas Jefferson, judge of Louisiana Territory, the largest territory in North America. Postal Service with the signing of the Postal Service Act, which outlined in detail Congressional power to establish official mail routes. Sherman wrote: “In the Spring of 1852, General Sherman mentioned that the quartermaster, Major L.C. Although popular with collectors today, the unconventional stamps were not very popular among a population who was accustomed to postage that bore classic portrayals of Washington, Franklin and other forefathers. Finally, on February 20, 1792, President Washington formally created the U.S. Pickering continued in the position until 1795, when he briefly served as secretary of war, before becoming the third U.S. secretary of state.  The Post Office Act of 1792 was based on the Constitutional authority empowering Congress “To establish post offices and post roads”. Uniquely among U. S. issues, the sheets lack the plate numbers usually printed on the selvage surrounding the stamps. Choosing an orange color for the 2-cent Grand Canyon tableau instead of the standard 2-cent carmine red, the Post Office departed from UPU color-coding for the first time. Although there is little evidence that this occurred frequently, many post offices had never received any canceling devices. But if you see something that doesn't look right, click here to contact us! Mail delivery and an earlier version of the Service had been in place since 1775, when Benjamin Franklin was named as the first postmaster… By 1920, the Air Mail service had delivered 49 million letters. Before they got a post office in 1826, “The neighbors would club together, put a boy on a horse, and about once a month he could be seen wending his way through forest and stream, … to get, perchance, half a dozen letters and papers for four times that number of families. A Postal Revolution 1792 Congress embedded a right to privacy in the mails when it established the United States Postal Service through the Postal Act of 1792. The 1885 Special Delivery issue was the first U.S. postage stamp designed in the double-width format. Collectors, still smarting from the expense of the Columbian stamps, objected that inclusion of $1 and $2 issues in the Trans-Mississippi series presented them with an undue financial hardship. The 1861 stamps had in common the letters “U S” in their design. The introduction of the first postage stamps in Great Britain in May 1840 was received with great interest in the United States (and around the world). Unlike any definitive stamps ever issued before, the 1902–03 issues also had ornate sculptural frame work redolent of Beaux-Arts architecture about the portrait, often including allegorical figures of different sorts, with several different types of print used to denote the country, denominations and names of the subjects. The initial minimum deposit was $1. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. Archived from the original on October 30, 2004. In 1910, the Post Office began phasing out the double-lined watermark, replacing it by the same U S P S logo in smaller single-line letters. Watermarks were discontinued entirely in 1916. § 410(c)(2)) exempts the USPS from Freedom of Information Act (FOIA) disclosure of “information of a commercial nature, including trade secrets, whether or not obtained from a person outside the Postal Service, which under good business practice would not be publicly disclosed”. Many such covers remain to be discovered; some sellers on eBay have been surprised to discover an ordinary-seeming cover bid up to several hundred dollars because it was one of the sought-after solo usages. This was the first comprehensive postal law to come out of Congress since 1970. Congress finally provided for the issuance of stamps by passing an act on March 3, 1847, and the Postmaster-General immediately let a contract to the New York City engraving firm of Rawdon, Wright, Hatch, and Edson. Other innovations in what has become known as the 1869 Pictorial Issue included the first use of two-color printing on U.S. stamps, and as a consequence the first invert errors. The postage stamps issued in the 1870s and 1880s are collectively known as the “Bank Notes” because they were produced by the National Bank Note Company, the Continental Bank Note Company, then the American Bank Note Company. On the other hand, most 10-cent stamps are of strong impressions. ( Log Out /  The long-running Washington-Franklin series of stamps was begun in 1908. But it was the Postal Act of 1792 that established the foundation of a modern Postal Service. Under the act, newspapers would be allowed in the mails at low rates to promote the spread of information across the states. In 1847, the U.S. Mail Steamship Company acquired the contract which allowed it to carry the U.S. mails from New York, with stops in New Orleans and Havana, to the Isthmus of Panama for delivery in California. The 90-cent stamp used is a very rare item, and so frequently forged that authorities counsel collectors to shun canceled copies that lack expert certification. With this act, the new government established the right to privacy in the mails. Letters from early settlers provided information and boosterism to encourage increased migration to the West, helped scattered families stay in touch and provide assistance, assisted entrepreneurs in finding business opportunities, and made possible regular commercial relationships between merchants in the west and wholesalers and factories back east. Certificates were issued to depositors as proof of their deposit. The postal service likewise assisted the Army in expanding control over the vast western territories. Numerals apart, several of these are superficially similar to their earlier counterparts — particularly because Franklin, Washington and Jefferson still appear on the same denominations as previously. The result, paradoxically, was a substantial increase in Post Office profits; for, while the higher valued Columbians and Trans-Mississippis had sold only about 20,000 copies apiece, the public bought well over five million of every Pan-American denomination. It also monitored foreign mail and acted as counter-espionage to help secure allied victory. The 2-cent George Washington stamp appeared with two different designs (the original version was poorly received) while each of the other values has its own individual design. Postal Act 1792 President George Washington signed the Postal Act of 1792 (shown here), formalizing the U.S. This was the first U.S. definitive series to include the image of a woman: Martha Washington, who appeared on the 8-cent stamp. The act allowed for newspapers to be included in mail deliveries and made it illegal for postal officials to open anyone’s mail. In the Pan-American series the Post Office realized the plan for two-toned stamps that it had been obliged to abandon during the production of the Trans-Mississippi issue. © 2021 A&E Television Networks, LLC. In another innovation, the company placed mail-collection boxes around the city for the convenience of its customers. Stamp issue did not again become well-regulated until the formation of the Citizens’ Stamp Advisory Committee (CSAC) in 1957. The Pony Express was a short-lived enterprise, remaining in operation for only 18 months. The same year, the Pacific Mail Steamship Company had acquired the right to transport mail under contract from the United States Government from the Isthmus of Panama to California. They were tested regularly for speed and accuracy. Such provisionals included both prepaid envelopes and stamps, mostly of crude design, the New York Postmaster’s Provisional being the only one of quality comparable to later stamps. The company had been founded by Henry Thomas Windsor, a London merchant who at the time was living in Hoboken, New Jersey. In the places where the numbers normally appear on each sheet, the name of the country is substituted, engraved in capital letters. Inside, more than 20,000 attendees raised Nazi salutes toward a 30-foot-tall portrait of George Washington flanked by ...read more, From Cape Canaveral, Florida, John Hershel Glenn Jr. is successfully launched into space aboard the Friendship 7 spacecraft on the first orbital flight by an American astronaut. n August 12, 1918, the Post Office Department took over the airmail service from the United States Army Air Service (USAAS). The full series included a 1-cent profile of Franklin in blue, a 3-cent profile of Washington in red brown, a 5-cent portrait of Thomas Jefferson, and portraits of Washington for 10-cent green and 12-cent black values. The Post Office Department experimented with half-a-dozen different perforation sizes, two kinds of watermarking, three printing methods, and large numbers of values, all adding to several hundred distinct types identified by collectors. The Postal Service Act signed into law by President George Washington on February 20, 1792. These higher denominations, especially the 90-cent value, were available for such a short time (a little over a year) that they had virtually no chance of being used. As part of the Post Office Act of 1792, newspapers—which were seen by the Founding Fathers as essential for maintaining an educated citizenry by spreading information—were permitted to … Confederate post offices were left without legitimate stamps for several months, and while many reverted to the old system of cash payment at the post office, over 100 post offices across the South came up with their own provisional issues. Title.— This Act shall be known as the “Postal Service Act of 1992”. Mail service by railroad increased rapidly thereafter. Each stamp was hand engraved in what is believed to be steel, and laid out in sheets of 200 stamps. The Postal Service Act was signed into law by President George Washington on February 20, 1792. If postal fees were to remain (as they were in many lands) a patchwork of many different jurisdictional rates, the use of stamps would produce only limited gains in efficiency, for postal clerks would still have to spend time calculating the rates on many letters: only then would senders know how much postage to put on them. Notable also is the red-violet color chosen for the 3-cent stamps, a brighter hue than the traditional purple. This stamp was a 3-cent issue bearing a rather amateurish drawing of George Washington, printed from line engraved plates in sheets of 42 images. These came out in 1869, and were notable for the variety of their subjects; the 2-cent value depicted a Pony Express rider, the 3-cent stamp portrayed a locomotive, the 12-cent denomination pictured the steamship Adriatic, the 15-cent stamp showed the landing of Christopher Columbus, and the 24-cent value marked the signing of the Declaration of Independence. Congress waited to act on the plan until after the Battle of Lexington and Concord on April 19, 1775. All eight denominations available in 1861-62, ranging from 1 cent to 90 cents, were offered in encased versions. While postmaster, Franklin streamlined postal delivery with properly surveyed and marked routes from Maine to Florida (the origins of Route 1), instituted overnight postal travel between the critical cities of New York and Philadelphia and created a standardized rate chart based upon weight and distance. This was a joint issue with Sweden (Scott #1585-1588). Two denominations of the series accompanied their portraits with iconographic images appropriate to the statesmen they honored: rifles, a cannon and cannonballs appeared in the bottom corners of the 24-cent issue devoted to General Winfield Scott, while the 90-cent stamp framed Admiral Oliver Perry within a nautically hitched oval of rope and included anchors in the bottom corners of its design. In February 1861, a congressional act directed that “cards, blank or printed. In one case, a collectors’ series had to be produced as the result of a miscalculation. A bilateral parcel-post treaty between the independent (at the time) Kingdom of Hawaii and the United States was signed on 19 December 1888 and put into effect early in 1889. Toward the beginning of the Washington-Franklin era, in 1909, the Post Office issued its first individual commemorative stamps — three single 2-cent issues honoring, respectively, the Lincoln Centennial, the Alaska-Yukon Exposition, and the tercentennial/centennial Hudson-Fulton Celebration in New York. Eventually the Confederate government issued its own stamps; see stamps and postal history of the Confederate States. However, since poor-quality ink could be washed from the stamp, this method would only have been moderately successful. The 1845 Congressional act did, in fact, raise the rate on one significant class of mail: the so-called “drop letter” — a letter delivered from the same post office that collected it. Like all U.S. stamps until 1857, they were imperforate. Six and a half months before Adolf Hitler invaded Poland, New York City’s Madison Square Garden hosted a rally to celebrate the rise of Nazism in Germany. In 1885 the Post Office established a Special Delivery service, issuing a ten-cent stamp depicting a running messenger, along with the wording “secures immediate delivery at a special delivery office.” Initially, only 555 such offices existed but the following year all U. S. Post Offices were obliged to provide the service — an extension not, however, reflected on the Special Delivery stamp until 1888, when the words “at any post office” appeared on its reprint. The postmaster general’s position was considered a plum patronage post for political allies of the president until the Postal Service was transformed into a corporation run by a board of governors in 1971. Only once before (with the Lincoln Memorial issue of 1909) had the Post Office issued a commemorative stamp unconnected to an important national exposition; and the appearance of the Pilgrim Tercentenary series in 1920 confirmed that a new policy was developing: the Post Office would no longer need the pretext of significant patriotic trade fairs to issue commemoratives: they could now freely produce stamps commemorating the anniversaries of any notable historical figures, organizations or events. HISTORY reviews and updates its content regularly to ensure it is complete and accurate. The 1792 act reinforced the power of Congress to establish official mail routes. 70,147), much of the actual process of grilling was not well documented, and there has been considerable research trying to recreate what happened and when. On stamps of future years, the messenger would be provided the technological enhancements of a bicycle (1902) a motorcycle (1922) and a truck (1925). When People Used the Postal Service to Mail Their Children. The Postal Service Act of 1792 included many provisions aimed at providing more civil rights and helping the country expand. It was signed into law by President George Washington on February 20, 1792. On February 20, 1792, United States President George Washington signed the Postal Service Act into law. The Post Office in the 19th century was a major source of federal patronage. To be sure, the fragility of stamps made them unsuitable for hand-to-hand circulation, and to solve this problem, John Gault invented the encased postage stamp in 1862. In 1816 it employed 3341 men, and in 1841, 14,290. Among the three issues that appeared in 1942 was the celebrated Win the War stamp, which enjoyed enormously wide use, owing partly to patriotism and partly to the relative unavailability of alternatives. The advent of parcel post also led to the growth of Mail order businesses that substantially increased rural access to modern goods over what was typically stocked in local general stores. Article I Title, Policy, and Definitions. The Overrun Countries series produced as a tribute to the thirteen nations that had been occupied by the Axis Powers. The thirteen stamps present full color images of the national flags of Poland, Czechoslovakia, Norway, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Greece, Yugoslavia, Albania, Austria, Denmark, and Korea, with the names of the respective countries written beneath. … Bruce Adamson wrote that: “Next to Benjamin Franklin, Rufus Easton was one of the most colorful people in United States Postal History.” It was Easton who educated Abraham Lincoln’s Attorney General, Edward Bates. Easton, at Fort Union, New Mexico, had occasion to send some message east by a certain date, and contracted with Aubrey to carry it to the nearest post office (then Independence, Missouri), making his compensation conditional on the time consumed. Pickering continued in the position until 1795, when he briefly served as secretary of war, before becoming the third U.S. secretary of state. William Williams told the newspaperman that he had 300,000 gallons of heating oil to donate to the poor. They consisted of an engraved 5-cent red brown stamp depicting Benjamin Franklin (the first postmaster of the U.S.), and a 10-cent value in black with George Washington. Reg Murphy, an editor of The Atlanta Constitution, is kidnapped after being lured from his home near the city. With a philatelist in the White House, the Post Office catered to collectors as never before, issuing seven separate souvenir sheets between 1933 and 1937. On February 20, 1792, President George Washington officially created the modern United States Postal Service by signing a sweeping act that promoted a free press and put privacy safeguards in place. The regulatory role of the postal services was then transferred to the Postal Regulatory Commission. All railroads in the United States were designated as post routes, after passage of the Act of July 7, 1838. Also during 1893, the Bureau of Engraving and Printing competed for the postage stamp printing contract, and won it on the first try. These included the first U.S. souvenir sheet, for the Battle of White Plains sesquicentennial, and the first overprint, reading MOLLY / PITCHER, the heroine of the Battle of Monmouth. The post-World War II stamp program followed a consistent pattern for many years: a steady stream of commemorative issues sold as single stamps at the first-class letter rate. The double-width layout would subsequently be employed in many United States commemorative stamps. Although there were only two central images, a profile of Washington and one of Franklin, many subtle variants appeared over the years. Postal Service Act of 1792; Post Office Act of 1872; Comstock Act of 1873; Postal Reorganization Act … In 1815 Edward Bates moved into the Easton home and lived there for years at Third and Elm. Though the whole route was infested with hostile Indians, and not a house on it, Aubrey started alone with his rifle. In the early 1770s, William Goddard, a Patriot printer frustrated that the royal postal service was unable to reliably deliver his Pennsylvania Chronicle to its readers or deliver critical news for the paper to Goddard, laid out a plan for the “Constitutional Post” before the Continental Congress on October 5, 1774. By 1790, a United States population of almost four million was served by 75 Post Offices and approximately 2,400 miles of post roads. Glenn, a lieutenant colonel in the U.S. Marine Corps, was among the seven men chosen by the National ...read more, In a highly controversial vote on February 20, 1985, the Irish government defies the powerful Catholic Church and approves the sale of contraceptives. Contributing to its dominant position in the mails at low mail rates, which facilitated a free across! 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